Effect of supplemental Vitamin E on the performance, metabolic profiles, and immune responses of dairy calves.

Forty-six Holstein heifer calves were used from birth to 3 rno to study the effect of supplemental vitamin E at 1400 or 2800 mg dl-a.-tocopherol acetate given orally at weekly intervals or 1400 mg dl-a-tocopherol by intramuscular injection. Weekly starter consumption was 10 to 27 % more (P=.12) and weekly weight gains were 9 to 25% more (P=.13) in supplemented calves. Creatine phosphokinase activity was negatively correlated with serurn tocopherol concentrations, indicating a subclinical muscular dystrophy in unsupplemented calves. Lymphocyte stimulation indices were positively correlated with serum tocopherol concentration. Calves given high level of oral supplementation had higher IgM antibody concentration. It was concluded that supplemental vitamin E is beneficial for calves reared on conventional complete starters to increase disease resistance and to obtain optimum performance.; Dairy Day, 1984, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1984

Vitamin E requirements of dairy calves

Thirty-two Holstein heifer calves receiving conventional rations were supplemented with 0 (control), 125, 250, or 500 IU vitamin E/calf/day. The objective was to determine the optimum requirement based on their performance from birth to 24 wk of age. Results on weight gains, feed consumption, serum enzymes indicative of cell membrane damage, immune responses, and metabolic profile indicated that supplementation of calves receiving conventional rations with 125 to 250 IU/day may maximize their performance

Bovine recombinant interleukin-2 enhances resistance to bovine herpesvirus-1: Dose response trial

Twenty-five calves were allotted to five groups: controls that did not receive bovine recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) and four groups that received 5 daily injections of rIL-2 at 11.4, 1.1,0.11, or 0.0 II µg/lb/day. On day 0 of the experiment, all calves received bovine herpesvirus-I (BHV-1) vaccine and the first of the 5 daily injections of bovine rIL-2. All calves were infected with BHV-Ion day 21 of the experiment. Calves treated with 11.4 µg /Ib/day had elevated rectal temperatures and mild diarrhea during administration of rIL2. All other calves were normal. Compared to control calves, those treated with 11.4, 1.1, and 0.11 µg /Ib/day had higher (P<0.05) serum antibody titers to BHV-I and following challenge lower (P<0.05) BRV-1 titers in nasal secretions. Additionally, clinical disease as evidenced by nasal and ocular discharge was less severe. Cytotoxic responses against BHV-I-infected bovine kidney cells were increased (P<0.05) in calves treated with rIL-2 in a dose dependent manner. These data suggest that bovine rIL-2 at doses of 0.11 to 1.1 µg/Ib/day for 5 days may enhance immunity against BHV-I without causing adverse side effects

Effect of supplemental Vitamin E on the performance, metabolic profiles, and immune responses of dairy calves.

Forty-six Holstein heifer calves were used from birth to 3 rno to study the effect of supplemental vitamin E at 1400 or 2800 mg dl-a.-tocopherol acetate given orally at weekly intervals or 1400 mg dl-a-tocopherol by intramuscular injection. Weekly starter consumption was 10 to 27 % more (P=.12) and weekly weight gains were 9 to 25% more (P=.13) in supplemented calves. Creatine phosphokinase activity was negatively correlated with serurn tocopherol concentrations, indicating a subclinical muscular dystrophy in unsupplemented calves. Lymphocyte stimulation indices were positively correlated with serum tocopherol concentration. Calves given high level of oral supplementation had higher IgM antibody concentration. It was concluded that supplemental vitamin E is beneficial for calves reared on conventional complete starters to increase disease resistance and to obtain optimum performance

Effect of serum from Vitamin E-supplemented calves on Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus replication

Blood serum from Holstein calves supplemented with vitamin E at levels of 2800 mg orally or 1400 mg by injection at weekly intervals inhibited replication of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus in tissue cultures. Supplementing typical calf diets with vitamin E may increase protection against pathogens, at a time when they are more vulnerable to problems such as respiratory diseases

Soybean products as a protein source in milk replacers for calves

Studies were conducted to evaluate two comrnercl.al soy products and one experimental soy flour as protein sources in calf milk-replacers. Further tests were conducted to produce an improved product. None of the products were as good as milk protein, with the difference being greatest in the very young calf. Calves fed milk replacers containing soy products commonly used today will not perform as well as calves fed good quality, all milk-protein, milk replacers

Out there...out there in the distance: A Management Choreopoem

A creative piece blending the boundaries of poetry and prose-a style unique and consistent with the authors other research articles. In this it becomes an attempt to bring creative research methodologies to the forefront of organisation and management researc